Economic theory is next

From Instapundit:

PAUL KRUGMAN TWO WEEKS AGO ON ELECTION NIGHT: “If the question is when markets will recover, a first-pass answer is never.”

CNBC today: Dow closes above 19,000 as stocks notch record closing highs. “The Dow Jones industrial average rose about 70 points, closing above 19,000 for the first time ever, with Home Depot contributing the most gains. . . . The S&P 500 closed over 2,200 for the first time, as telecommunications rose about 2.1 percent to lead advancers. The Nasdaq composite also closed at all-time highs, rising approximately a third of a percent.”

Hey, it’s 2016. Anything can happen.

 

And here are the top five economists on twitter with their number of followers.

Rank Author Followers
1. Krugman, Paul R. 2088110
2. Stiglitz, Joseph E. 160653
3. Wolfers, Justin 112875
4. Easterly, William 88974
5. Shiller, Robert J. 84629

A billion here, a billion there and soon you’re talking big money

If you want some idea how truly bad our governments have been, and in particular that economic illiterate of a Prime Minister of ours, let me begin with this: Government loaning NBN $20 billion to finish rollout.

NBN Co has abandoned plans to borrow money from debt markets to complete the roll-out and will instead borrow $19.5 billion from the federal government “on commercial terms”. This takes total government contributions to the project to nearly $50 billion.

They no doubt abandoned such plans because no one would give them the money since it is a project that is destined never to make a cent. Meantime, I want you to keep both the present $20 billion and the $50 billion in mind as we move to the next part of the story.

Here we come to the bit Judy has highlighted:

Treasurer Scott Morrison has left open the door to considering a Grattan Institute proposal to curb or scrap three aged-based tax breaks that cost the budget $1 billion a year.

Wow, save a billion by screwing Australians whose aim is to stay in the paid workforce, that is, to remain productive by earning an income. These are the very people the government should be doing everything they can to keep in the value-adding part of the economy, rather than just spend and drain productivity away. And then to go with these, there is this:

Much lower than expected wage growth has knocked a hole in the government’s budget projections, blowing out deficits right through until 2019-20.

The worse position, confirmed by Treasurer Scott Morrison, comes despite a doubling in the price of coal and a 50 per cent jump in the price of iron ore. . . .

Deloitte is expecting an underlying cash deficit of $40.5 billion in 2016-17, around $3.4 billion worse than budgeted.

We have possibly the most incompetent economic managers this side of Greece, with no vision, no will and no concept of what they are doing wrong. The NBN remains my favourite because it is so stark. But do you think Malcolm has any idea of what’s wrong with what he has done? Instead they sit around shredding their hankies worrying about the trade effects of Donald Trump. Even if he deliberately set out to undermine the Australian economy, he could not do more damage than these clowns have already done all by themselves all on their own.

Misreading the obvious the norm for Australia’s economic advisors

The Australian Prime Minister’s Chief Economic Advisor gave a speech yesterday. It was, in effect, a warning about the economic dangers of President Trump’s policy proposals. It is discussed here, but let me especially bring to the surface one of the comments from the post: Martin Parkinson misses the point (again).

John Comnenus
#2211865, posted on November 18, 2016 at 12:34 pm (Edit)
I was at this speech and reported on it in an earlier thread.

The Parkinson speech was, in my view, an ill timed full throated plea for Trump to reverse policy. It was clearly the Government’s position and I suspect Parkinson fully supports it.

The question and answer session is not captured in the link. The first asked why Parkinson thinks this populism thing is happening Brexit – Trump etc?

Parkinson called the response ‘inchoate’ and he didn’t understand why it was happening, but he certainly recognised it was going on. But really it isnt that hard to understand if you look at what Parkinson said in his speech.

During the speech Parkinson noted the following as a key benefit to Americans of US trade and economic diplomacy:

“To give some context, US residents’ ownership of private foreign assets has risen from 6.5 percent of US annual GDP in 1950 to more than 140 percent of annual US GDP, or $25 trillion today. In other words, openness to trade and to investment abroad has directly contributed to a massive increase in the wealth of individual Americans.”

US economic and trade diplomacy created a truckload of wealth.

In the answer to why the revolution question, Parkinson noted that 60% of US workers real wages are equivalent to what they were 30 years ago.

Now I’m not Einstein, but even I can see the obvious connection between those two data points and popular anger.

The last question totally dumbfounded Parkinson, it was from a CEO who asked what impact Parkinson thought the Trump tax plan would have by going from the highest corporate tax rate in the G20 to the lowest.

Parkinson was stuck in a very long pregnant pause whilst trying to work out how to respond. Clearly the answer is obvious, but how does it fit with the narrative that Trump will wreck the world economy? In the end Parkinson conceded it is likely to create strong jobs and wealth growth and that Treasury modelling suggests that half the benefit of those corporate tax cuts will go to the workers.

At the end of the lunch I thought how ridiculous is Parkinson? He tells us on one hand that he doesn’t know why people are voting Trump and Brexit noting that lots of wealth has been created. Later he acknowledges that wage earner has seen none of this wealth, in fact they are going backwards fast, and then finally that Trump’s tax plans will create more jobs and better pay.

Now I don’t have a PhD in economics from Princeton but even I can connect those three dots.

Parkinson’s speech unintentioanlly proved that the massive wealth accumulation from US trade policy has gone to very few people, that most workers have seen none of it and that Trump’s tax plan will help spread that benefit to a lot more workers. It really suggests, unlike Parkinson, that the average Trump voter understood what is going on, what Trump was offering and voted for their best economic interest. That is the average Trump voter voted the smartest way they could given the choice.

If I were Turnbull I would be very circumspect about taking too much advice from Parkinson who assembled and looked at all the evidence only to miss the most obvious conclusion.

A little later down the comments he added the following:

Parkinson’s further remarks to the tax cuts question defy belief and indicate a complete lack of self awareness.

Parkinson advised, in his most serious tone, that the deficits that result from tax cuts are ok if the money is invested in long term productivity improving infrastructure, but bad if they are spent on recurrent expenditure.

There are three things wrong with Parkinson’s statement:

1. what a damning statement about Australia’s idiotic and wasteful fiscal policy over the last decade or so. No contemporary Australian is in a position to tell any other government anything about wasting deficits on recurrent expenditure.

2. Parkinson doesn’t get that company tax cuts are going to companies and not the government. You don’t get to direct private consumption (yet).

3. The company owners will decide what to spend the additional profit on. I bet they get better and more relevant productivity improving development through private sector investment than any massive infrastructure waste government would deliver, say like the NBN.

This whole speech, in hindsight, was just embarrasing and appropriate indicator of the Govenrment’s complete inability to come to grips with Trump’s private sector driven economic growth approach.

And then he immediately added this in the very next comment:

Everyone, including Parkinson, assured us those jobs aint coming back.

Why what was that I read yesterday? Ford is moving a truck plant from Mexico to Ohio and Apple is looking at producing iphones in America.

Trump is on a roll and he isn’t even in office yet.

Is it too early to call: BEST PRESIDENT EVA!

And then finally he added this.

I felt like standing up and telling Martin that in the private sector wages have been flat compared to the public sector where wages are on average higher and they keep growing regardless of performance and that is before you add the outrageous level of superannuation and the obscene recent pay increases the politicians and top ‘public servants’ gave themseleves as if they have been doing a good job running the country.

The only thing saving Parkinson from a Trumpageddon event is the fact that the US Trumpageddon event is about to create a massive private sector led economic recovery in the USA and some of that will flow to Australia.

These morons will never learn that you can’t tax your way to growth which means you can’t government spend your way to growth either.

If he says anything else, I will add those in later.

Recovery Summers

Getting a recovery from here, from within the mess that Obama has left behind, will be a task of such Herculean difficulty that only because Trump is president do I think it is even possible. And one of the most important virtues he may have is not listening to economists such as this one discussed in the article at the link: The brilliant economist who designed the failed 2009 stimulus plan tells us that Donald Trump’s economic plans are going to fail. Here we are dealing with Harvard economist, i.e. Keynesian economist, Lawrence Summers, about whom the article states:

At this point, we have to note that the esteemed Dr Summers was the architect of President Obama’s 2009 stimulus program, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, an $831 billion boondoggle which was promised to hold unemployment to a maximum of 8%; it reached 10.0% in October of 2009, and stood at 9.2% in June of 2011, when it was projected to be below 7%. There are many economists who still justify the stimulus bill by saying that while the effects of the recession were worse than estimated, they’d have been worse yet without the ARRA. That, of course, is unprovable, but when the designer of such a huge, failed program tells me that someone else’s economic plans won’t work, I have to look at his statements with a jaundiced eye.

Trump has spending plans of his own that aside from The Wall, which if it significantly reduces the size of the American welfare bill may pay for itself many times over, will also add to the burdens on the economy. But he also intends to cut energy costs, improve decaying infrastructure, free up the regulatory framework that suppresses industry, renegotiate trade deals that are intended to work for American industry, and lower government outlays generally. He will also remove Obamacare, which has raised the cost of full-time employees, while lowering the cost of health insurance. Interest rates will also start to rise which should assist in the shifting of resources into more productive areas of the economy, and will also add to the willingness of many to save.

I definitely do not say it’s easy, and no one can guarantee things will turn round rapidly enough to show results soon enough to work politically, specially in the midst of the hostile media circus Trump will have to deal with. But at least I feel the for the most part the changes that will be introduced will generally shift things in the right direction. Here is the alternative Summers has in mind:

I have long been a strong advocate of debt-financed public investment in the context of low interest rates and a decaying U.S. infrastructure, so I was glad to see Trump emphasize it. Unfortunately, the plan presented by his advisers, Peter Navarro and Wilbur Ross, suggests an approach based on tax credits for equity investment and total private-sector participation that will not cover the most important projects, not reach many of the most important investors and involve substantial mis-targeting of public resources.

There is no learning from history other than that economists never learn from history. You also know that Congress is will fight like cats to maintain expenditure since that is almost entirely what they have to maintain their support. Whether there is a constituency for re-building the private sector is still to be discovered, but at least with Trump you know he will want to try.

And if you are curious about the significance of the title to the post, you need to recall Obama’s declarations of a “recovery summer” that never arrived even after eight successive summers of trying.

Guess what: interest rates are going up

The most certain certainty that following the election rates would go up, and if Trump won, they would go up sooner and faster. From the oh so non-political Fed:

While there’s growing confidence in a rate hike in December, Yellen may not be able to give the bicameral Joint Economic Committee in Washington many additional details on the more distant path for monetary policy. The future is loaded with more than the usual amount of hypotheticals that could alter the central bank’s economic forecasts and rate-hiking speed.

Federal funds futures markets indicate a 94 percent chance that the Fed will increase rates by 25 basis points at its December meeting. On Tuesday, Fed Governor Daniel Tarullo — who historically has supported maintaining easy policy to help pull workers back into the labor market — said there’s now a stronger case for talking about hiking to avoid overheating, adding his to the chorus of voices signaling that an increase has become more imminent.

But it’s a good thing in the end. Low rates are a killer, but don’t expect most economists to be able to tell you why.

Can’t these economists get anything right?

Before we invented Keynesian aggregates economists had a reasonable understanding of how economies work. Seriously, what can you make of this story in today’s Oz: Weak wages knock economy pick-up hopes?

Wage growth has dropped to a ­record low with average increases barely matching the depressed ­inflation rate and casting a shadow over both Reserve Bank and Treasury hopes that household spending will fire the economy over the next year.

The fall in wage growth from 2.3 per cent a year ago to 1.9 per cent in the year to September surprised economists and the ­Reserve Bank, which had argued wage growth had stabilised at a little above 2 per cent and that a gradual pick-up in inflation was likely. . . .

Both the Reserve Bank and Treasury are counting on household consumption to support economic growth over the year ahead, compensating for weak business investment.

The Reserve Bank’s quarterly economic review last week said that would require households to be sufficiently confident about their income growth to cut back on savings.

A couple of points. First, falling real wages are part of the adjustment process that keeps people in jobs and allows businesses to remain viable. It’s a good thing in such difficult times. You wish it were otherwise, but wages adjusting to productivity is what helps keep an economy on course.

Second, the growth in public spending as a proportion of total output means that we cannot grow as fast as we previously had. My favourite example, since it is bi-partisan and therefore shows neither political party gets it, is the NBN. We are ploughing billions into a project that soaks up resources that do not produce a net return. And then there are all the green subsidies and the thousands of other projects that governments subsidise because they cannot earn their keep on their own.

And speaking of green subsidies, since our moron class of politicians think it is wise public policy to close down carbon-based forms of energy, the fact that it is harder for industry to move forward ought to be understood as the direct consequence of such forms of vandalism. If you replace cheap energy with more expensive energy, the economy slows. If they don’t even understand that, how do they think things work?

Laughably, the pressure is now on to lower interest rates to kindle more inflation. This is right out of standard economic theory so why should anyone think it makes sense? You might have hoped that someone would have noticed that lowering rates is not working, not here nor anywhere else. Economic theory is junk science, I’m afraid. But the cutest part of the story is this:

The public sector is doing better than the private sector, with wages up 0.6 per cent in the quarter and 2.3 per cent over the year, compared with the private sector increases of 0.4 per cent in the quarter and an annual 1.9 per cent.

And here we see the diversion of massive amounts of our productivity to the most useless parts of our economic apparatus. I’ve even heard it said that Gillian Triggs takes home $400,000 a year. Public waste is chronic.

UPDATE: Satire can no longer keep up with real life. This is from the comments:

john constantine
#2210724, posted on November 17, 2016 at 12:54 pm (Edit)
Zero interest rates not working only proves that cash needs to be disposed of and all money made electronic, then negative interest rates can be effectively introduced and clinging obsolete savers can be charged rates on the unspent money in their accounts.

If that doesn’t work, then they can charge rates on the unborrowed and unspent balance on your credit card.

And this is from real life just now from Zero Hedge:

Less than a week after India’s surprise move to scrap its highest denomination cash notes, another front in the War on Cash has intensified down under in Australia.

Yesterday, banking giant UBS proposed that eliminating Australia’s $100 and $50 bills would be “good for the economy and good for the banks.”

(How convenient that a bank would propose something that’s good for banks!)


This isn’t the first time that the financial establishment has pushed for a cashless society in Australia (or anywhere else).

Keynesian economics refuted eight times over

Who would know this? In fact, every legislator in Congress and the American president would know this, just no one else. As we all know, the American recovery has been the worst on record, without a single year in the last eight with growth above three percent. This will help you understand why.

Absent of an actual federal budget, all spending falls under a process called base-line budgeting to determine allocation. Federal distribution of the money within the continuing resolution, is essentially a year-over-year expenditure with a statutory increase based on inflation. Essentially, whatever was spent in 2009 was respent in 2010 along with a little bit more. What was spent in 2011 was a little more than ’10, and so forth.

Debt ceiling – failed stimulisIn February 2009 congress passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, or ARRA, commonly referred to as Obama’s stimulus plan. The stimulus was just shy of one trillion ($986 billion +/-).

At the time of passage this single stimulus expenditure reflected a growth of approximately 20% in total federal spending. The spending went directly into the deficit.

Approximately 30% of that “one time” trillion dollar stimulus was spent in 2009, the remaining 70% was spent in 2010. (*note fiscal years run from October 1st to September 3oth annually).

However, absent a federal budget -and because of baseline budgeting- it became a repeated expenditure in each of the following fiscal years.

The $1 Trillion Stimulus was spent eight more times.

Obama and the Congress have been systematically impoverishing the United States. This may be the most disgusting economic story I have ever come across. And for those of us also interested in economic theory and policy, as disgusting as all this is, it is the most complete refutation of public spending as the road to recovery ever found.

Meanwhile, the fool of a president is in Greece advising the Greeks not to pay their debts. The story is titled, GREECE IN FLAMES: Riots in Athens at Obama’s visit as Greeks scream ‘Barack go home’, but this is the bit that goes with the above:

Earlier, Mr Obama, 55, had delighted his Greek hosts by supporting debt relief for the recession-battered country, which has seen its economy shrink by a quarter in just seven years.

Greece hopes Obama will be able to persuade its foreign creditors to restructure some of its debt, which stands at nearly 180 percent of national output. . . .

He said: “We cannot simply look to austerity as a strategy.

“Our argument has always been that when the economy contracted this fast, when unemployment is this high, that there also has to be a growth agenda to go with it and it is very difficult to imagine the kind of growth strategy that’s needed without some debt relief mechanism.”

Everything about him and what he has done is an outrage.

Make economics great again

There has been a thread on the History of Economics discussion forum under the heading “Progress and Death” which revolves around the origins of the aphorism that science advances funeral by funeral. It turns out that this was an observation by Max Planck which more fully reads:

“A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die, and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it.”

I do find it interesting that even in the natural sciences that a reluctance to embrace new directions among the older generation slows the shift, since I would have thought that in the natural sciences experiment and evidence-based reasoning would overwhelm such resistance. In the social sciences, of course, experiment and evidence seem to count for little. I therefore put up the following post of my own:

I am always somewhat reluctant to buy into these issues, but right from the heading – “Progress and Death” – there is an implicit assumption that the latest is better than the superseded, which I find completely unfounded. As someone who believes that Keynesian economics has been almost the paradigm example of regression in any of the sciences, I can agree with the notion that the mainstream in some body of scientific thought will bend towards the latest fashion that is accelerated by the deaths of its older generation. But the belief that this always entails progress is, in my view, deeply mistaken. You do not have to agree with me about Keynes to recognise that the deaths of the likes of Frank Knight, J.R. Commons and Allyn Young took from the economics profession some very articulate, interesting and established views that are very different from the ones we see before us in our economic texts today. I am more likely to accept this aphorism as relatively accurate for the natural sciences, that science advances funeral by funeral, but for the social sciences I think it is completely false. That is why I argue that economists need to study the history of economic thought to keep themselves in contact with these older ideas. Their authors may have gone from the world, but their ideas – even ones we end up not agreeing with – remain as alive and worthy of study as they were on the day they were first written down.

It’s been a day since this went up and so far no one has decided to enter into these issues, which are much more intense than merely to ask where a quote originated. If anything does show up, I will let you know.

The RBA is worried we are saving too much!!!

The only reason I still get The Oz is because it has two sudokus and as I was turning to these tonight, what should be on the front page of the business section but this: Are we saving too much? Weak spending a risk to our economy. Now just because the world is coming to an end tomorrow is no reason not to comment on such idiocy. These Keynesians are as bad as Democrats, probably because each is the same as the other. But really, what can you do with such stuff?

The weak state of household consumption is a key risk to economic growth with little evidence that people are cutting their savings to raise spending levels, as the Reserve Bank expects. . . .

The Reserve Bank’s essential thesis about the economy is that consumers will support growth during the current period of weak household incomes by running down their savings to support spending. Eventually, this will lift demand to a point where non-mining businesses will start to invest.

You know, this is so ignorant that it quite takes the breath away. Do they really believe such things? Does anyone? Have they not been paying attention for the past eight years? I will just say it again, not that anyone understands it, but no economy grows from the demand side. All momentum comes from value adding production. To depend on retail sales and consumer demand to provide an economy with its drive is to depend on what has never ever happened in history to happen for the first time. It really is amazing to me to find that I remain the only one in step. Say’s Law is the single most important principle in the whole of economics, precisely because it is the one principle that is not intuitively obvious. If they really think our economies are suffering low growth because we are saving too much they will never ever understand a single thing of consequence about how an economy works.

An internationally recognised Australian hypocrite

andrew leigh

The title is Labor MP Wrote Income Inequality Book Using Unpaid Interns at Buzzfeed, which was picked up at Instapundit. Both are American websites and there we are. Here is the Buzzfeed [!] subhead:

Labor MP Andrew Leigh has admitted to using unpaid interns to help write his books about the dangers of inequality to society

which the writer, Alice Workman which is probably a pseudonym, described as “rank hypocrisy from Labor and the unions.” And so it is. The article begins:

The shadow assistant treasurer has had roughly 55 unpaid interns through his office since he was elected to parliament in 2010.

Comprised mostly of high school and university students, the interns work without pay for periods of weeks to months. The interns are sourced through ANU’s Commonwealth Parliamentary Internship program, the ACT Department of Education, and Leigh’s Labor website.

Outside of general office work, the interns are tasked with “data-related issues” and “carrying out research” that has contributed to Leigh’s last four books.

As explained on Leigh’s website, he prefers economics students, and they need to bring their own laptop.

Even though it was on Instapundit, as soon as I saw Labor without the “u” I knew it had to be one of us, and so it was. “Equal pay for equal work”. What a laugh!